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一、前言车轮在运行中,轮周表面产生踏面擦伤,剥离、裂损等损伤。裂损,特别容易发生在冬季严寒地区线路上运行的列车中。但最近由于材质的改善,这类损伤正在减少。特殊的例子是77年2月在山阳线上发生的裂损事故。这个事故发生在严寒降雪时,其最初产生裂纹的时间不详。为了实现安全运行,有必要进行定期检查,特别是在每次入库前检查,以便早期发现车轮损伤。因此希望研制出自动检查车轮裂损的装置。日本研究利用超声波(表面波)作为检查裂损的一种方法,即加工一段钢轨,用以放置探头。当车轮通过时,踏面能接触探头,进行表面波的授受。根据接收波中的“缺陷反射波”来判断踏面是否裂损。
First, the foreword The wheel is running, the surface of the wheel tread surface abrasion, peel, crack damage and other injuries. Cracks, especially prone to running in the winter cold area of the train line. However, due to the improvement of materials recently, such damages are decreasing. A special example is the split-break accident that occurred on the Sanyo Line in February 1977. The accident occurred in the cold snowfall, the initial crack initiation time is unknown. In order to achieve safe operation, it is necessary to carry out regular inspection, especially before each storage inspection, in order to early detection of wheel damage. So I hope to develop a device to check the wheel crack automatically. Japanese studies use ultrasonic waves (surface waves) as a way of checking for cracks, by machining a length of rail to place the probe. When the wheels pass, the tread can touch the probe, the surface wave of grant. According to the received wave “defect reflected wave” to determine whether the tread cracked.