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混合作业是近几年来在我国发展较快的一种立井掘砌作业方式,其主要特点是取消临时支架。因此,它施工工序少,省工省料,经济效益高,例如芦苓新副井1985年3～6月仅由于取消临时支架省工时32天,杏花主副井节省临时支架费用42.5万元,一般可降低成本20～30%;取消临时支架而围岩暴露时间短,永久支护随井筒掘进工作面推进而及时支护,施工安全性好;这种作业方式全月的有效掘砌天数虽不及平行作业,但比单行作业多25%,施工速度较快。苏联、波兰、联邦德国等多数主要凿井国家目前均普遍采用混合作业方式打井,特别是苏联从1955年开始使用,到1966年时混合作业打井比重上升到98%(图1),近几年也在85%左右,这种作业方式月成井可达130～150米,最高220米,据苏联统计,近十五年,由于采用这种方式打井使成井速
Hybrid operation is a kind of vertical well digging operation mode which develops rapidly in our country in recent years. Its main feature is to cancel the temporary support. Therefore, it is less construction process, labor saving and material saving, high economic benefits, such as the new auxiliary Lingling March 1985 to June 1985 only because of temporary workers to cancel the provincial working hours 32 days, apricot main and auxiliary save temporary support costs 425,000 yuan , Which can generally reduce the cost by 20-30%. The short period of surrounding rock removal due to the temporary support and the permanent support and timely support with the advancement of the borehole excavation face ensure good construction safety. The effective excavation days in this mode of operation for the whole month Although less than parallel operations, but 25% more than single-line operation, construction speed. Most major sinkwaters in the Soviet Union, Poland, the Federal Republic of Germany and so on are currently generally engaged in well drilling using mixed operations. In particular, the Soviet Union started to use it in 1955 and by 1966 the proportion of mixed operation wells increased to 98% (Figure 1) A few years is about 85%, this method of operation up to 130 to 150 meters, up to 220 meters, according to the Soviet Union statistics, nearly fifteen years, as a result of this method to make a well into the well