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目的分析在先兆流产患者中运用渐进性放松训练对其自我效能、焦虑情绪和妊娠结局的影响。方法研究对象为2014年7月至2016年7月收治的先兆流产患者135例,以2014年7月至2015年6月采用常规护理的65例为常规组,以2015年7月至2016年7月采用渐进性放松训练的70例为观察组。常规组采用常规护理措施,观察组在常规护理的基础上采用渐进性肌肉放松训练及音乐放松训练,观察两组干预前后一般自我效能感量表(GSES)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分和妊娠结局。结果观察组干预后GSES评分均较干预前增高[(29.95±1.78)分vs(24.82±1.87)分,P<0.01],且高于常规组干预后[(29.95±1.78)分vs(25.11±3.12)分,P<0.01]。观察组干预后SAS评分较干预前降低[(42.12±9.22)分vs(51.42±10.07)分,P<0.01],且低于常规组干预后[(42.12±9.22)分vs(50.96±8.63)分,P<0.01]。观察组胎膜早破、流产、产后出血发生率均低于常规组(P均<0.01),早产发生率与常规组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论渐进性放松训练在先兆流产患者护理中具有积极的作用,可有效改善患者自我效能感,缓解自身负面情绪,有利于改善妊娠结局。
Objective To analyze the effect of progressive relaxation training on self-efficacy, anxiety and pregnancy outcome in patients with threatened abortion. Methods A total of 135 patients with threatened abortion admitted to our hospital from July 2014 to July 2016 were enrolled in this study. From July 2014 to June 2015, 65 cases of routine care were used as the routine group. From July 2015 to July 2016, 70 cases of progressive relaxation training for the observation group. The routine group was given routine nursing intervention. The observation group received gradual muscle relaxation training and music relaxation training on the basis of routine nursing. The scores of general self-efficacy scale (GSES), anxiety self-rating scale (SAS) And pregnancy outcome. Results After intervention, the GSES score in intervention group was significantly higher than that before intervention [(29.95 ± 1.78) vs (24.82 ± 1.87), P <0.01], and higher than that in routine group [(29.95 ± 1.78) vs (25.11 ± 3.12) points, P <0.01]. SAS score in the observation group was significantly lower than that before intervention [(42.12 ± 9.22) vs (51.42 ± 10.07), P <0.01], and lower than that in the control group [(42.12 ± 9.22) vs (50.96 ± 8.63) Points, P <0.01]. The incidence of premature rupture of membranes, abortion and postpartum hemorrhage in observation group were lower than that in routine group (P <0.01). There was no significant difference in the incidence of preterm birth between the two groups (P> 0.05). Conclusion Progressive relaxation training plays a positive role in the nursing of patients with threatened abortion, which can effectively improve the patient’s self-efficacy, relieve their negative emotions, and improve the pregnancy outcome.