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目的了解安徽省中学生谋害他人心理行为的流行特征及其影响因素,为中学生心理行为干预提供科学依据。方法从安徽省皖南、皖北、皖中每个片区随机选取1个城市,再从各个城市选取1所普通初级中学和1所普通高级中学,每所学校每个年级各调查约320人,共对5 726名初一~高三学生使用自编问卷进行调查,内容主要包括青少年一般情况、青少年谋害他人心理行为等。结果 5 726名中学生最近6个月有过谋害意念、谋害计划、谋害准备、谋害未遂的报告率分别为9.9%,2.8%,1.3%,0.6%。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,男生、初三年级、自评学习成绩偏差、自评家庭经济状况偏差、与父亲关系偏差、朋友数量<3人、自评相貌偏差、自评相貌偏好均是中学生谋害他人意念的危险因素(OR值分别为1.604,1.353,1.289,1.361,1.647,1.406,1.466,1.593,P值均<0.05);而初一年级、母亲受教育程度为初中及以下均是中学生谋害他人意念的保护因素(OR值分别为0.566,0.995,0.757,P值均<0.05)。男生、初三年级、高二年级、自评学习成绩偏差、朋友数量<3人、自评相貌偏差或偏好均是中学生谋害他人计划的危险因素(OR值分别为2.335,3.248,2.526,1.779,1.523,1.645,1.895,P值均<0.05)。男生、初三年级、自评相貌偏好是中学生谋害他人准备的危险因素(OR值分别为3.261,2.623,2.131,P值均<0.05);而自评学习成绩偏好是中学生谋害他人准备的保护因素(OR=0.258,P<0.05)。男生、初三年级、自评相貌偏好是中学生谋害他人未遂的危险因素(OR值分别为6.295,4.919,2.268,P值均<0.05)。结论中学生谋害他人心理行为现象较为严重,不同人口特征中学生谋害他人心理行为存在一定差别,应有针对性地采取相应干预措施。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and the influential factors of secondary school students ’psychological behavior in seeking help from others and to provide a scientific basis for secondary school students’ psychological behavior intervention. Methods One city was chosen at random from each area of Anhui Province in southern Anhui, northern Anhui and Anhui Provinces. Then, one general junior high school and one general senior high school were selected from each city. There were about 320 persons in each grade in each school. A survey was conducted on 5 726 first- and third-year students using self-compiled questionnaires, which mainly included the general situation of adolescents and the psychological acts of juveniles and other people. Results A total of 5 726 middle school students had the idea of murdering in the recent 6 months. The reported rates of murder planning, murder preparation and attempted murder were 9.9%, 2.8%, 1.3% and 0.6% respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that male students, grade three, self-rated learning performance bias, self-rated family financial status deviation, deviation from their father’s relationship, number of friends <3, self-assessment bias, self- (OR = 1.604,1.353,1.289,1.361,1.647,1.406,1.466,1.593, P <0.05), while in the first grade, mothers whose mothers were educated as junior high school and below were middle school students who were murdered The protective factors of other people’s thoughts (OR values were 0.566,0.995,0.757, P <0.05 respectively). Male students, third grade, sophomore year, self-evaluation learning performance deviation, the number of friends <3, self-assessment bias or preference are secondary school students plan to risk the risk of others (OR values were 2.335,3.248,2.526,1.779,1.523 , 1.645, 1.895, P <0.05). The boys, the third grade, self-rated appearance preference are the risk factors of secondary school students seeking to prepare others (OR = 3.261,2.623,2.131, P <0.05), while self-rated learning achievement preference is the protective factor (OR = 0.258, P <0.05). The boys, the third grade, self-rated appearance preference are the risk factors of high school students attempting to commit other people’s misconduct (OR = 6.295, 4.919, 2.268, P <0.05 respectively). Conclusions Middle school students are more likely to commit psychological acts to others. There are differences between the psychological behaviors of high school students of different demographic characteristics and those of others. Relevant intervention measures should be taken accordingly.