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野生二粒小麦是现代栽培小麦的祖先种,含有极为丰富的遗传多样性。本研究利用来自以色列Gitit的野生二粒小麦G18-16与来自欧洲的硬粒小麦栽培品种Langdon杂交构建的重组自交系F6代152个家系,进行了抽穗期、单株有效穗数、穗粒数、穗长、芒长等数量性状基因位点(QTL)分析,发现全部家系在5个性状上表现出宽广的遗传差异。14个穗部性状加性QTL被定位,LOD值为1.9~13.4,贡献率为7.3%~54.2%。控制抽穗期的QTL共3个,定位在3A(2个)和7B上;在2A(2个)和5A上共找到3个控制穗粒数的QTL;在5B上找到2个控制单株有效穗数的QTL;控制穗长的3个QTL分布在5A(2个)和7A上;在4B,5A和7A上共找到3个控制芒长的QTL。获得的QTL可用于今后分子标记辅助育种改良现代栽培小麦。
Wild bred wheat is ancestral species of modern cultivated wheat and contains a very rich genetic diversity. In this study, 152 families of recombinant inbred lines F6 from the wild Grit wheat from Gitit in Israel and the F6 inbred line from Langdon in Europe were used to analyze the heading date, the number of panicle per plant, The results showed that all the families showed a wide range of genetic differences in five traits. The 14 QTLs for panicle traits were mapped with LOD values of 1.9-13.4 and contribution rates of 7.3% -54.2%. Three QTLs for controlling heading date were located on 3A (2) and 7B sites. Three QTLs for grain number per panicle were found on 2A (2) and 5A sites. Two control lines were found on 5B Three QTLs controlling spike length were distributed on 5A (2) and 7A. Three QTLs controlling M. longiflorum were found on 4B, 5A and 7A. The obtained QTL can be used in future molecular marker assisted breeding to improve modern cultivated wheat.