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目的:观测下颌管形态结构及其与周围牙槽骨的关系,为下颌骨手术、种植牙手术提供参考数据。方法:对100个人体下颌骨下颌管上缘至各牙槽嵴顶的间距和颏孔至下颌孔的间距进行观察与测量,根据《人类骨学测量方法》规定的年龄估计及性别标准加以分析。结果:下颌管均值长:男性:62.30 mm,女性:57.69 mm;下颌管上缘至第二前磨牙牙槽嵴距离:男性:14.79 mm,女性:15.14 mm;下颌管上缘至第一磨牙牙槽嵴距离:男性:14.69 mm,女性:14.23 mm;下颌管上缘至第二磨牙牙槽嵴距离:男性:14.68 mm,女性:14.21 mm;下颌管呈圆形68例,卵圆形32例。结论:男女不同性别牙槽嵴至下颌管距离无显著性差异,(P>0.05),但男女性下颌管长度有显著性差异,男性>女性,(P<0.01)。
OBJECTIVE: To observe the relationship between mandibular canal morphology and surrounding alveolar bone and to provide reference data for mandibular surgery and dental implant surgery. Methods: The distance between the upper edge of mandibular canal and the crest of each alveolar ridge and the distance between mental foramen and mandibular foramen of 100 human mandibles were observed and measured, and were analyzed according to the age estimation and gender criteria of “human osteology measurement method” . Results: The average length of mandibular canal was 62.30 mm in male and 57.69 mm in female. The distance between the upper edge of mandibular canal and the second premolars was 14.79 mm in male and 15.14 mm in female. Slot ridge distance: male: 14.69 mm, female: 14.23 mm; distance from upper edge of mandibular canal to second molar alveolar ridge: 14.68 mm for males and 14.21 mm for females; 68 cases for mandibular canal were round, 32 cases for oval . CONCLUSION: There is no significant difference in the distance between alveolar ridge and mandibular canal of men and women (P> 0.05). However, the length of mandibular canal in men and women is significantly different (P <0.01).