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介绍了增量式光电轴角编码器的工作原理及其在空间目标测量领域的应用。分析了轴角编码器零点漂移的原因,推导了基于轴系和球谐函数的望远镜系统误差修正模型。提出了采用外复核方法解算望远镜指向精度,即用前两天测星解算出来的系统球谐函数误差模型系数修正并复核当天的测星误差。设计了零点标定实验对轴角编码器零位进行标定,进行了连续11个晴天夜晚的观测实验,在零点标定前后观测在视场内均匀分布的30颗恒星,分别解算得到望远镜指向误差,确认了轴角编码器的零点漂移现象。采集GPS卫星数据进行了精度鉴定,望远镜方位和俯仰的轴系误差均值由13.99″、11.50″分别降至5.94″、-3.49″,验证了零点标定方法消除零位漂移并提高望远镜测量精度的可行性。
The working principle of incremental photoelectric shaft encoder and its application in the field of space target measurement are introduced. The reason of the zero drift of the shaft encoder is analyzed and the error correction model of the telescope based on the shaft and spherical harmonics is deduced. The pointing accuracy of the telescope was calculated by using the external inspection method. That is to say, the system spherical harmonic function error model coefficient calculated from the previous two days was corrected and the day-of-the-spot star error was checked. Zero point calibration experiments were designed to calibrate the zero point of the shaft encoder. Eleven consecutive sunny days were observed and observed. Before and after the zero point calibration, 30 stars uniformly distributed in the field of view were observed and the pointing error of the telescope was calculated. Axis encoder confirmed the zero drift phenomenon. GPS satellite data acquisition accuracy of the identification, telescope azimuth and pitch axis error average from 13.99 “, 11.50” were reduced to 5.94 “, - 3.49”, validated the zero calibration method to eliminate zero drift and improve the feasibility of telescope measurement accuracy Sex.