人类对自然界的认识始于观察活动,对化学世界的探索同样要以观察为基础。观察是一种有目的、有计划的认知活动。学生化学知识的获取,往往起始于生动、直观的化学实验。学生在实验中通过眼看、耳听、鼻嗅、手摸等活动,调动视觉、听觉、嗅觉、触觉等感觉器官充分感知实验现象,获得感性 Human understanding of nature begins with observation activities, and the exploration of the chemical world must also be based on observation. Observation is a purposeful and planned cognitive activity. Students acquire chemical knowledge, often starting from the vivid and intuitive chemical experiments. Students in the experiment through the eyes, ears, nose sniff, hand touch and other activities, mobilize the visual, auditory, olfactory, tactile and other sensory organs fully aware of the experimental phenomena, access to perceptual