迁移一般可分为正迁移和负迁移两种类型。正迁移即助长性的迁移,表现为一种动作技能的掌握促进另一种动作技能的掌握;负迁移即抑制性的迁移,表现为一种动作技能的掌握干扰了另一种动作技能的掌握。如果新旧刺激物相似,学生的能力和心理特点有共同的要求时,此时迁移的效果往往是正的;新旧刺激物十分相似,而对人的能力和心理特点有不同要求作出不同反应时,则迁移的效果是负的。在体育教学中,正确运用迁移规律,对提高教学效果起着十分重要的作用。 一、精选教材,科学地编排教材程序。 心理学家奥苏伯尔指出:学生的认识结构是从教材的知识结构转化而来的。为了促进迁移,教学内容中 Migration can generally be divided into two types: positive migration and negative migration. Positive migration is the promotion of the migration, manifested as a mastery of motor skills to promote the mastery of another kind of motor skills; negative transfer is the inhibitory transfer, manifested as a mastery of motor skills interfere with the mastery of another motor skill. . If the old and new stimuli are similar, the students’ abilities and psychological characteristics have common requirements, the effects of migration are often positive at this time; the old and new stimuli are very similar, and when people’s abilities and psychological characteristics have different requirements and react differently, then The effect of the migration is negative. In physical education teaching, the correct use of the law of migration plays an important role in improving the teaching effect. First, the selection of teaching materials, scientific organization of teaching materials program. Ausubel, a psychologist, points out that the student’s cognitive structure is transformed from the knowledge structure of the textbook. In order to promote the transfer, teaching content