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选取黑龙江省2种主要农田土壤类型(暗棕壤和黑土)和2个大豆品种(滴2003-1和合丰25),采用盆栽试验,分别于大豆第5片复叶展开期、初花期、结荚初期、结荚盛期、鼓粒初期、鼓粒期和完熟期取样,进行根系形态(根干质量、根长、根表面积和平均根直径等)和根瘤性状(根瘤数、根瘤鲜质量和单个根瘤质量)的动态分析,以研究品种和土壤类型对大豆根系形态特征的影响.结果表明:土壤类型对大豆根系形态及结瘤性状均有显著影响,在第5片复叶展开期和初花期,暗棕壤的根系干质量、根长和根表面积低于黑土,而在鼓粒初期后高于黑土,暗棕壤的平均根直径在鼓粒初期后也高于黑土,但土壤类型对根冠比的影响不大;暗棕壤的根瘤数在初花期后明显低于黑土,但根瘤鲜质量和单个根瘤质量高于黑土.不同品种的根系性状在2种土壤上的差异程度不同,与合丰25相比,滴2003-1的根系性状受土壤条件的影响较大.在鼓粒期,根干质量(P<0.05)、根表面积(P<0.05)、根瘤数(P<0.01)及单个根瘤质量(P<0.001)在不同品种与土壤类型间表现出显著的互作效应.
Two main farmland soil types (dark brown soil and black soil) and two soybean varieties (drop 2003-1 and Hefeng 25) in Heilongjiang Province were selected. Pot experiments were carried out in the first five stages of compound leaves of soybean, The root morphology (root dry weight, root length, root surface area and average root diameter) and nodule traits (number of nodules, fresh mass of root nodule and root nodule Single root nodule quality) in order to study the effects of different cultivars and soil types on the morphological characteristics of soybean roots.The results showed that: the soil types had a significant effect on the morphology and nodulation traits of soybean roots, The root dry mass, root length and root surface area of flowering and dark brown soil were lower than those of black soil, but higher than that of black soil at the beginning of drumming. The average root diameter of dark brown soil was also higher than that of black soil at the beginning of drumming. However, The root nodule number of dark brown soil was significantly lower than that of black soil at initial flowering stage, but the fresh root nodule weight and single root nodule quality were higher than those of black soil.The root system traits of different cultivars differed in two kinds of soil, Compared with Hefeng 25 drops 2003-1 The root traits (P <0.05), root surface area (P <0.05), nodule number (P <0.01) and single nodule mass (P <0.001) Varieties and soil types showed significant interaction effects.