本文中要讨论的问题是,关于小说,有两种典型的观点或理论,我们姑且称它们为A 理论和B 理论。在A 理论中,小说被认为具有很高的价值、深刻的含意和重要的作用,正如小说爱好者所希望的那样。可是,若要进一步加以阐述的话,这种观点由于其本身存在着矛盾,而难以自圆其说。B 类型的观点从逻辑上看是前后一致的,然而却使小说失去了一个重要的特性(下面我将介绍这两种观点的具体内容)。这个问题只是对那些对小说提出高标准的读 The problem to be discussed in this article is that there are two typical views or theories about novels, let us call them A and B theories. In theory A, novels are considered of high value, profound meaning and important function, just as fiction lovers wish. However, if we want to elaborate further, this view is difficult to justify because of its inherent contradictions. The B-type view is logically consistent, yet it loses an important feature of the novel (I will cover the specifics of both of these views below). This question is only for those who read the novel to a high standard