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目的掌握广州市吸毒人群中艾滋病的流行趋势及其行为变化,为政府制定防制策略和措施提供循证参考。方法广州市1995-2001年设立了1个吸毒者艾滋病监测哨点(A),2002年增加到2个哨点(A、B),2004年开始增至8个(A～H),对哨点的目标人群采用连续抽样的方法进行问卷调查,调查其注射毒品、商业性行为及安全套的使用等高危行为,并检测其HIV抗体。结果1995-2001年,哨点A的HIV感染率在1995-1999年快速上升,至1999年达到18.47%,1999-2001年下降至7.72%;1998-2000年注射吸毒比例高于1997年和2001年,1998年共用针具比例高于其他年份。2003-2007年广州市吸毒人群HIV感染率(中位数范围为2.95%～5.36%)、注射吸毒比例(中位数范围为47.56%～65.72%)、共用针具比例(中位数范围为22.91%～51.11%)、发生商业性行为比例(中位数范围为14.87%～35.25%)及发生商业性行为时每次使用安全套比例(中位数范围为12.69%～27.59%)总体上年度间的差异无统计学意义,而各哨点的各项指标的年度变化不一,其中除哨点D的注射吸毒比例无明显变化,其余各哨点的注射吸毒比例呈下降趋势。结论近年来广州市吸毒人群中HIV感染的流行趋势进入平稳持续阶段,该人群中传播HIV的危险因素仍广泛存在。应继续大力开展美沙酮维持治疗、清洁针具交换和推广使用安全套等干预工作。
Objective To understand the epidemiological trend and behavior change of AIDS among drug users in Guangzhou and to provide evidence-based reference for the government to make prevention and control strategies and measures. Methods One AIDS monitoring sentinel (A) was established in Guangzhou City in 1995-2001. It was increased to 2 sentinel sites (A and B) in 2002 and increased to 8 (A ~ H) in 2004, The target population was surveyed by continuous sampling to investigate high-risk behaviors such as injecting drugs, commercial sex and the use of condoms and to test their HIV antibodies. Results In 1995-2001, the HIV infection rate in sentinel A increased rapidly from 1995 to 1999, reaching 18.47% in 1999 and decreasing to 7.72% in 1999-2001. The proportion of injecting drug abuse in 1998-2000 was higher than that in 1997 and 2001 In 1998, the share of needles was higher than other years. HIV infection rates (from 2.95% to 5.36%) among drug users in Guangzhou in 2003-2007, the proportion of injecting drugs (median range 47.56% -65.72%), and the proportion of shared needles (median range 22.91% ~ 51.11%), the proportion of commercial sexes (median range 14.87% ~ 35.25%) and the proportion of condom use per commercial sex (median range 12.69% ~ 27.59% There was no significant difference between the sentinel and the sentinel. The annual changes of the indicators of sentinel sites showed no significant changes except for the sentinel D, and the proportion of injecting drug use among the remaining sentinel sites showed a decreasing trend. Conclusion The epidemic trend of HIV infection among drug addicts in Guangzhou has entered a stable and continuous phase in recent years. The risk factors of HIV transmission in this population are still widespread. Should continue to vigorously carry out methadone maintenance treatment, clean needle exchange and promote the use of condoms and other interventions.