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目的了解永康市1950-2013年疟疾流行概况,总结疟疾防治经验,评价疟防成果,分析消除可能性。方法回顾永康市64年来疟疾防治历程,阐述不同年代和不同发病时期所采取的防制措施、成效及经验教训。结果永康市20世纪80年代前间日疟高度流行,最高年发病率达74.09/万,1987年后发病率基本控制在1/万以下,1989年达到基本消灭后进入监测阶段,疟疾疫情稳步下降,疟疾输入性病例逐年增多,但未发生输入性继发病例,2009年后疟疾发病率基本控制在0.1/万以下。其防制过程可分为重点调查及防治试点研究、控制流行、降低发病率、巩固防治成果4个阶段,每个阶段均采用相应的防治措施。结论 64年来的防治经验为消除疟疾奠定了良好基础,但仍须大力加强对流动人口的健康教育,努力提高医务人员疟疾发现能力,坚持多部门协作,及时发现患者并有效处置,从而达到消除的目标。
Objective To understand the epidemic situation of malaria in Yongkang from 1950 to 2013, summarize the experience of malaria control, evaluate the results of malaria prevention and analyze the possibility of elimination. Methods The course of prevention and treatment of malaria in Yongkang city in the past 64 years was reviewed. The preventive measures, effectiveness and experiences and lessons learned in different age and different stages of disease were expounded. Results In the early 1980s, vivax malaria was highly prevalent in the city of Yongkang, with the highest annual incidence rate reaching 74.09 / million. The incidence rate was basically under 1/10 000 after 1987, and reached the monitoring stage after it was basically eliminated in 1989. The malaria epidemic situation declined steadily , Malaria cases of imported patients increased year by year, but no incidence of imported cases, the incidence of malaria in 2009 after the basic control of less than 0.1 / 10,000. The prevention process can be divided into key investigations and prevention pilot study, control prevalence, reduce morbidity, consolidate the prevention and treatment results of four stages, each stage are using the appropriate prevention and treatment measures. Conclusion 64 years of experience in prevention and treatment have laid a good foundation for the elimination of malaria. However, it is still necessary to vigorously strengthen health education for migrants, strive to improve the malaria detection ability of medical staff, adhere to multisectoral collaboration, find patients in time and effectively dispose of them so as to eliminate aims.