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目的联合使用两种职业紧张测量模式对广东某供电局职工的职业紧张流行状况进行调查与分析。方法采用工作内容问卷和付出-回报失衡问卷对某供电局924名职工的职业紧张状况进行调查,并分析其流行特征。结果根据工作要求-自主-社会支持模式,28.04%的职工存在职业紧张;教育程度为本科的职工与高中或中专以下的职工相比,发生职业紧张的OR值为2.03(95%CI:1.08~3.84);接触职业病危害因素的职工发生职业紧张的风险较大(OR=1.73,95%CI:1.02~2.95)。19.40%的职工存在付出-回报失衡,以30岁以下组为参照,30~39岁组、40~49岁组发生付出-回报失衡的OR值分别为2.13(95%CI:1.30~3.49)和2.44(95%CI:1.31~4.56);临时职工、特种作业人员、接触职业病危害因素的职工发生付出回报失衡的风险较大,OR值分别为3.18(95%CI:1.74~5.81)、1.65(95%CI:1.02~2.66)和7.81(95%CI:2.40~25.38)。结论 30~50岁的职工、教育程度为本科的职工、临时职工、特种作业人员与接触职业性危害因素的职工面临的职业紧张风险较高,提示应针对重点人群采取相关干预措施。
Objective To investigate and analyze the occupational stress and epidemic situation among workers in a power supply bureau in Guangdong by using two kinds of occupational stress measurement models jointly. Methods A questionnaire of work contents and pay-return imbalance questionnaire were used to investigate the occupational stress of 924 workers in a power supply bureau and analyze its prevalence characteristics. Results According to the work requirement-autonomy-social support pattern, 28.04% of the employees had occupational stress. The OR of staff with education level of undergraduate education was 2.03 (95% CI: 1.08 ~ 3.84). Workers exposed to occupational hazards had a higher risk of occupational stress (OR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.02-2.95). 19.40% of the workers have pay-return imbalance, with reference to the group of 30 years old, the pay-return imbalances of the 30-39 years old group and the 40-49 years old group are 2.13 (95% CI: 1.30-3.49) 2.44 (95% CI: 1.31-4.56); workers with special needs workers, special workers and workers exposed to occupational hazards had a greater risk of giving off returns, with OR values of 3.18 (95% CI: 1.74-5.81) and 1.65 95% CI: 1.02-2.66) and 7.81 (95% CI: 2.40-2.58). Conclusion The employees who are 30-50 years old have higher occupational stress risks of undergraduates, temporary workers, special operators and workers exposed to occupational hazards, suggesting that relevant interventions should be taken for key populations.