小学自然课的学科特点和教学目的决定了我们要在自然教学过程中,重视培养、训练、发展小学生的观察能力,实验能力,逻辑思维能力,想象能力,创造能力及动手能力。自然教学要引导儿童“爱科学、学科学、用科学”,探索大自然的奥秘,因此,培养学生逻辑思维能力就显得尤为重要。一、从具体到抽象从感性到理性儿童心理学告诉我们:小学儿童思维的基本特点,是从具体形象为主要彤式逐步过渡到以逻辑思维为主要形式。根据小学生的这一思维特点,在教学中教师要提供符合儿童经验的具体材料,除了利用教材中大量的插图外,还应通过诸如实物标本、模型、乃至实验、语言直观等,使学生形象感知,并在学 The nature of primary school subjects and the purpose of teaching determine that we should attach importance to cultivating, training and developing pupils' abilities of observation, experiment, logical thinking, imagination, creativity and practical ability during the teaching of nature. Natural teaching should guide children to “love science, science and science” and explore the mysteries of nature. Therefore, it is particularly important to cultivate students' logical thinking ability. First, from concrete to abstract From perceptual to rational psychology of children tells us: The basic characteristics of primary school children's thinking, from the specific image as the main form of gradual transition to logical thinking as the main form. According to the thinking characteristics of primary school students, in teaching, teachers should provide concrete materials that are in line with children's experience. In addition to using a large number of illustrations in the textbooks, students should also perceive the students' images through objects such as in-kind specimens, models, and even experiments and language intuition And learn