论文部分内容阅读
姓与氏都是氏族社会的产物。姓源于氏族组织的名称，在母系氏族社会，姓往往 是母系氏族所崇拜的图腾物的名称；而在进入父系氏族社会之后，由于祖先崇拜的大大发展，姓 多与氏族的男性祖先相联系。氏是氏族内家族组织的名称，产生于母系氏族时代后期，但只有在 父权制确立以后，氏才开始以独立的面貌在社会历史舞台上出现。
Surnames and clans are the product of the clan society. Surnames originate from clan organizations whose names are often the names of totem objects worshiped by matriarchal clan societies. After entering the patriarchal clan society, because of the great development of ancestor worship, the surnames are mostly linked to the male ancestors of clans . Clan is the name of the clan within the clan, resulting from the matriarchal clan era, but only after the establishment of patriarchy, clan began to appear on the stage of social history in an independent manner.