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毕沅幕府是乾隆时期最大的艺文幕府,颇具典型意义,兹以其为个案,从文学生态的角度,多方面探究这一时期游幕背景下文人的戏剧活动和小说创作。毕沅蓄养梨园家班,幕内大半宾客有断袖之癖,演剧、观剧、评剧活动频繁,南方宾客由南入北,融通南北之音,对一代曲风的转变起到潜移默化的作用。毕沅幕内的集体文艺活动往往兼融诗歌、戏剧等多个门类,兼备审美、智识和娱乐的气氛,雅俗相济。陕西幕府所刻传记体小说《秦云撷英小谱》为故事传记体,记乾隆中叶秦中优人轶事,兼论戏剧,是幕府内小说创作和戏剧活动融合的集中体现。游幕之于小说家最深刻的影响在于其对于创作主体人生经验和智识的培育,毕沅幕宾钱泳的《履园丛话》即是这样一部兼具丰富人生体验和智识的笔记小说。
As the largest artistic shogunate in Qianlong period, it is typical for Biyuan shogunate to use it as a case study. From the perspective of literary ecology, Bi Yuan shuifu explores the literary activities and novels of the literati in this period in many aspects. Bi Yuan storage pear home class, most of the curtain guests have broken sleeves of the addiction, drama, drama, Pingju frequent activities, southern guests from south to north, North-South integration of sound, the transformation of the genre played a subtle role. The collective artistic activities in Bi Yuan Cui often combine multiple categories such as poetry and drama, and have the atmosphere of aesthetic, intellectual and recreational elements, with the common custom of elegance and vulgarity. Shaanxi Moment engraved biography novel “Qin cloud picks the British spectrum” story biographies, in the mid-Qin and Qin Qianlong good anecdote, and on drama, is a shogunate novel creation and the convergence of theater activities concentrated expression. The most profound influence of the play curtain on the novelist lies in its cultivation of the life experience and knowledge of the main body of creation. Bi Yuan’s book called “Park Yungong” is a note of rich experience and knowledge of life Fiction.