川东酉水流域土家族世世代代居住在山区,由于地广人稀,自然条件较差。其社会生产力水平不高。清代改土归流以后,土家族的经济生产,出现了发展不平衡的状况,居、食习俗保持不变。 明《蜀中广记》载“酉阳宣抚司,暖则捕猎山林,寒则散处岩穴,借贷以刻木契”,平茶长官司“性好捕猎,火坑焙谷,野麻缉布”;石耶长官司“人织斑布以为衣,佩长刀而捕猎”;邑梅长官司“用木浪槽为臼而舂稻谷,沥若蒿水代盐而鲜宿肉”。清同治《酉阳直隶州总志》记载,酉阳“田少,食稻者亦少,山谷贫民皆以苞 The Tujia people in the East Sichuan Basin live in mountainous areas for generations and have poor natural conditions due to their vast territory. Its level of social productivity is not high. After the reform of the Qing Dynasty, the economic development of the Tujia ethnic group appeared in an unbalanced development situation. Habitat and food customs remained unchanged. In the Ming Dynasty, “Guangzhong in Shu” contained “Youyang Xuan Fusi”, while “Hunting” was “warm in the mountains and cold in the cave” “; Stone Ye Long Secretary,” man-woven cloth that clothes, wearing a knife and hunting “; eup; long lawsuit” with wooden trough as mortar and rice, Lek Artemisia water substitute salt and fresh flesh. “ Qing Tongzhi ”Youyang Chihli State General Records“ records, Youyang ”Tian Shao, fewer young rice, valley poor people are bud