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通过现场大型原位测试试验,对非饱和原状黄土垂直高边坡土压力分布特征进行现场实测研究。试验采用钢筋拉结,钢筋后端锚固在距边坡滑移面以外较远的锚固桩上,其前端在边坡邻空面边界处,采用钢板及螺栓固定。本次试验切坡高度为14.5 m,切坡由上至下分段进行,通过安放在拉筋上的测力计量测拉筋所受的拉力,通过换算,得出前端钢板上所受到在切坡过程中土体应力释放所产生的土压力,从而得到不同切坡深度各测试点的土压力大小及分布特征。试验结果表明:实测最大土压力强度在边坡高度H的2/3处,在此高度以上土压力强度接近正三角形分布,以下土压力强度迅速减小,在坡脚处接近为零,呈倒三角形分布,与经典的朗肯土压力和库仑土压力分布是不相同的。
Through on-site large-scale in-situ test, the on-site measurement of earth pressure distribution on unsaturated vertical loess slope is carried out. In the experiment, the steel bar was used to pull the steel bar and the rear end of the steel bar was anchored on the anchorage pile farther away from the slip surface of the slope. The front end of the steel bar was fixed by the steel plate and the bolt at the boundary of the side surface of the slope. The cutting height of the test is 14.5 m, the cutting slope is divided into sections from the top to the bottom, and the tensile force suffered by the tensioning bar is measured by a dynamometer placed on the stretching bar. Through the conversion, The earth pressure generated by soil stress release during the slope process can be used to obtain the earth pressure magnitude and distribution characteristics at each test point with different cutting depths. The test results show that the maximum measured earth pressure intensity is 2/3 of the slope height H, and the earth pressure intensity is close to the equilateral triangle distribution above this altitude. The earth pressure intensity below the earth rapidly decreases, approaches zero at the slope foot, Triangle distribution, with the classic Rankine soil pressure and Coulomb earth pressure distribution is not the same.