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本文通过回顾文献，总结了目前临床上可用于检测和诊断早期龋损病变的技术方法及其临床应用范围和优缺点。这些仪器和设备各有利弊，但仔细的临床探诊、视诊与影像学图像相结合，仍然是龋齿检测和诊断的金标准。“,”The present review paper summarizes the available technical methods for early detection and diagnosis of dental caries lesions, as well as their clinical application range, advantages and disadvantages. Although there are many detection systems supported by new technologies and equipments in clinical practice, current evidence suggests that careful clinical visual and inspection tests, in combination with imagological examination, are still the gold standard for the detection and diagnosis of dental caries.