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目的:研究甘草荚果和种子形态特征地理变异规律并分析其形成的生态学机制。方法:采用样方调查的方法测定全国4省区8个旗县甘草野生种群的地上植株形态特征,采用双重筛选逐步回归分析方法探讨甘草荚果和种子形态特征的地理变异规律及其形成的生态学机制。结果:(1)不同甘草种群的荚果数、荚果腺毛长度、种室数目、每荚种子粒数和结实率5项指标的差异达到了极显著水平(P<0.01);荚果长度、荚果厚度、荚果腺毛密度和种子长度4项指标的差异达到了显著水平(P<0.05)。(2)荚果厚度、种室数目等5项形态特征与经度呈显著相关,只有荚果腺毛长度1项指标与纬度显著相关。结论:甘草野生种群荚果与种子形态特征存在显著的地理变异,其变异趋势以经向变异为主,光照因子差异是导致地理变异的主要原因,其次为温度因子和水分因子,其相关关系可用多元回归模型解释。
Objective: To study the law of geographical variation of licorice pod and seed morphological characteristics and to analyze its ecological mechanism. Methods: The morphological characteristics of aboveground plants of wild licorice populations from 8 flag counties in 4 counties of China were determined by using quadrats survey method. Geographic variation of licorice pods and seed morphological characteristics and its formation ecology were studied by double-screen stepwise regression analysis mechanism. Results: (1) The differences of pod number, pod hair length, seedling number, seed number per pod and seed setting rate among different licorice groups reached the extremely significant level (P <0.01); pod length, pod thickness , Pod gland hair density and seed length of four indicators reached a significant level (P <0.05). (2) Five morphological characteristics such as pod thickness and number of seed banks were significantly correlated with longitude. Only one index of pod hair length was significantly correlated with latitude. CONCLUSION: The morphological characteristics of pod and seed in Glycyrrhiza uralensis have significant geographical variation. The variation tendency is dominated by meridional variation. The difference of illumination factor is the main reason leading to geographical variation, followed by the temperature factor and water factor, and the correlation can be multivariate Regression model to explain.