磷酸沉淀分离-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定化探样品中的痕量银

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应用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)分析化探样品中的痕量银,通常在标准模式下用干扰校正法或动能歧视模式进行测定.银的两个稳定同位素均受锆和铌的氧化物或氢氧化物的质谱干扰,对于干扰元素锆、铌含量较高而银含量低的样品,测定误差较大,需要将干扰元素与银分离.本方法采用硝酸、氢氟酸、高氯酸消解样品,浓盐酸复溶提取,加入磷酸使大部分溶出的干扰元素锆、铌转化为难溶的磷酸盐化合物,通过沉淀与待测元素银分离.ICP-MS测定时以103Rh为内标,用90 Zr16O+同质量数的同位素106pd间接校正91Zr16O+、90Zr16O1H+对107Ag的质谱干扰.经国家一级标准物质验证,分析结果在标准值的允许误差范围内,相对标准偏(n=12)为4.3%~12.1%,方法检出限(3SD)为0.0072μg/g.本方法适合土壤、水系沉积物及岩石等化探样品中痕量银的分析.样品处理中引入的磷酸不影响其他常规元素,可用同一份消解液进行测定.
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