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侗族是一个善歌的民族,歌唱在其社会生活中占据着重要的地位。侗族传统社会的民族历史、社会知识、生产生活、伦理道德等往通过歌师以口传心授的(歌唱)方式代代相传。因此,侗族歌师在传承和发展侗族传统文化知识方面作出了不可磨灭的贡献,他们在侗族传统社会村寨中起着举足轻重的作用,拥有一种超然的权威。笔者以贵州省榕江县栽麻乡宰荡村侗族社区作为调查对象,从文化人类学的角度对歌师在侗族社会生活中的角色和功能进行分析,探讨侗族民间歌舞的历史发展及其在现代语境中的变迁,为民族民间艺术的传承、保护和传播提出切实可行的建议。
Dong is a good song nation, singing in its social life occupies an important position. The traditional history of ethnic Dong people, social knowledge, production and life, ethics and other through the singer through oral tradition (singing) way passed from generation to generation. As a result, Dong singer made an indelible contribution to the inheritance and development of the traditional culture of the Dong people. They played a decisive role in the Dong traditional village and had a detached authority. From the perspective of cultural anthropology, the author analyzes the role and function of singers in the social life of Dongs, and explores the historical development of Dongs’ folk songs and dances and their influence on The changes in modern context provide practical suggestions for the inheritance, protection and dissemination of folk art.