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综述低温挤压自由成形技术(Freeze-form extrusion fabrication,FEF)的工作原理、工艺特点、研究现状、应用展望及未来研究面临的问题。详细介绍低温挤压自由成形工艺装备的组成及研究现状。重点探讨低温挤压自由成形技术的应用领域及研究中面临的问题。认为低温挤压自由成形技术在航空航天、功能梯度材料零件制造、生物制造工程及概念原型与功能原型件制造等领域有广阔的应用前景。工艺参数优化、成形材料的选择、成形过程中的温度及干扰因素的控制是未来研究中面临的主要问题。
The working principle, technological characteristics, research status, application prospect and problems in the future research of Freeze-form extrusion fabrication (FEF) are reviewed. Details the composition and research status of cryogenic extrusion freeform process equipment. Focus on the application of low-temperature extrusion freeform forming technology and research problems. It is believed that the low temperature extrusion freeform forming technology has broad application prospects in the fields of aerospace, functional graded material parts manufacturing, biological manufacturing engineering, concept prototyping and functional prototype manufacturing. Optimization of process parameters, the choice of forming materials, forming temperature and interference control factors in the future are the major problems facing the study.