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为有效评价和利用蔗茅种质资源,挖掘其优良性状,以滇、黔、川考察收集的29份蔗茅为材料,选取5个数量性状为指标,对其多样性指数、变异系数、数量性状之间的相关性,数量性状与经纬度、海拔的相关性进行研究。分析结果表明:(1)共采集到25份高海拔种质资源,其中海拔超过2800m的有4份,进一步丰富了甘蔗野生种质资源库;(2)蔗茅种质资源数量性状的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数均较高,其中株高的最高为1.441,锤度的最低为1.291;数量性状遗传变异较丰富,各性状变异系数范围为21%~38%,变异系数最大的为株高(38%),最小的为叶长(21%);(3)蔗茅种质资源性状差异显著,叶长、叶宽、株高、茎径存在较大相关性,而与锤度不相关;叶宽与经度呈正相关,与纬度、海拔呈负相关。(4)聚类分析结果表明,蔗茅种质资源可分为4大类群,其中第Ⅱ类群(EF-27)具有良好的数量性状和锤度品质潜力,可推荐作为甘蔗育种杂交利用首选材料。
In order to effectively evaluate and utilize the germplasm resources of Cimicifuga, to excavate their fine traits, 29 Cimicifuga collected from Yunnan, Guizhou and Sichuan were selected as materials and 5 quantitative traits were selected as indices to study their diversity index, coefficient of variation, The correlation between traits, quantitative traits and the latitude and longitude, altitude correlation study. The results showed that: (1) A total of 25 high-altitude germplasm resources were collected, of which 4 were above 2800m above sea level, which further enriched the sugarcane wild germplasm resources pool; (2) Shannon- Wiener diversity index were higher, the highest height was 1.441 and the lowest brix was 1.291. The genetic variation of quantitative traits was rich, the coefficient of variation of each trait ranged from 21% to 38%, and the highest coefficient of variation was plant height 38%), and the smallest was leaf length (21%). (3) There were significant differences in germplasm resources characters between leaf, leaf width, plant height and stem diameter, but not with brix. Leaf width was positively correlated with longitude and negatively correlated with latitude and altitude. (4) The results of cluster analysis showed that the germplasm resources of the plant can be divided into four groups, of which the second group (EF-27) has good quantitative characters and billet quality potential, which can be recommended as the preferred material for hybridization of sugarcane breeding .