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在两种肥力条件下设置超高产栽培模式(SH)、高产高效栽培模式(HH)、农民习惯处理(FP)和不施肥对照处理(CK)4种栽培管理模式的定位试验,研究了以肥料投入为主要影响因素的不同栽培管理模式对黄淮海区域不同肥力农田耕层土壤团聚体组成及其碳、氮分布的影响,为通过培肥土壤实现小麦-玉米周年可持续增产增效提供技术支持.结果表明:与低肥力田块(LSF)相比,高肥力田块(HSF)耕层土壤团聚体的平均质量直径和几何平均直径高、分形维数低,有利于大团聚体的形成与稳定,各级团聚体的有机碳和全氮含量较高.优化施用氮磷钾肥、配施有机肥可增加耕层土壤团聚体的粒径、降低其分形维数,促进大团聚体的形成与稳定,对高肥力田块的影响大于低肥力田块;二者亦可提高有机碳和全氮在大团聚体中的含量与分布,其中,对>5 mm团聚体的贡献率的影响在低肥力田块大于高肥力田块,对5~0.5 mm的各粒级团聚体的贡献率的影响在高肥力田块优于低肥力田块.
Under the two fertility conditions, the experiment of four cultivation management modes including super high yield cultivation mode (SH), high yield and high efficiency cultivation mode (HH), farmer habitat treatment (FP) and no fertilization control treatment (CK) Input and cultivation as the main influencing factors on the composition of soil aggregates and carbon and nitrogen distribution in topsoil of different fertility fields in the Huang-Huai-Hai region, providing technical support for the sustainable increase of yield and efficiency of wheat-corn through soil fertilization The results showed that the average mass diameter and geometric mean diameter of soil aggregates in high fertility field (HSF) topsoil were lower and the fractal dimension was lower than that in low fertility field (LSF), which was in favor of the formation of large aggregates Stable and high levels of organic carbon and total nitrogen at all levels of aggregates.Optimized application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers combined with organic fertilizer can increase the particle size of soil aggregates, reduce the fractal dimension and promote the formation of large aggregates The stability and the effect on the high-fertility field were greater than that on the low-fertility field. Both of them could also increase the content and distribution of organic carbon and total nitrogen in the large aggregates, and the influence on the contribution rate of> 5 mm aggregates was low Fertility plots larger than The effect of high fertility plots on the contribution rate of aggregates of 5 ~ 0.5 mm was better than that of low fertility plots in high fertility plots.