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文化保守主义者和新文化主流派，同属掌握了现代知识话语权力的现代知识分子。他们的论争基本奠定了新文化运动得以产生和发展的历史场景，构成了五四文化思想系统最重要的对立互补两极。其最主要分歧在于对待传统文化的态度。文化保守主义者主张渐进的文化改造策略。论争双方遵循“思想自由，兼容并包”的原则和精神，支持着五四文化生态圈的良性运行。
Cultural conservatism and the mainstream culture of the new culture belong to modern intellectuals who have mastered the power of modern knowledge discourse. Their debates basically laid the historical scene for the emergence and development of the New Culture Movement, and constituted the most important counter-polar complement to the May Fourth cultural and ideological system. The main difference lies in its attitude toward traditional culture. Cultural conservatives advocate gradual cultural reform strategy. The two sides argued that the two sides should follow the principle of “freedom of thought, combine all with one package” and support the sound operation of the May 4 cultural circle.