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海洋建筑物设计包括结构和基础两个部分,波浪力的计算对结构部分的设计十分关键,而在基础设计中,海床稳定性的评价工作,也是十分必要的。波浪在海床上传播,会在海床上施加波压力和剪切力,引起孔隙水压力及有效应力的变化,使海床出现变形、软化及液化等现象。正确的评价波浪对海床稳定性的影响,对海洋建筑物基础乃至上部结构的设计,都具有重要的指导意义。该文拟从海床的宏观力学性能出发,提出一简化的力学模型,推导了波浪作用下二维海床的土体位移分布。另外,建立二维有限元模型,将有限元计算结果与力学模型结果进行对比,两种计算结果吻合的较好。基于此简化模型,可以开展海床稳定性评价及海洋环境下被动受荷桩的响应分析方面的工作。
The design of marine structures includes two parts: the structure and the foundation. The calculation of the wave forces is crucial to the design of the structural parts. In the basic design, it is also necessary to evaluate the stability of the seabed. The waves propagate on the seabed and exert wave pressure and shear forces on the seabed, causing changes in pore water pressure and effective stress, causing deformation, softening and liquefaction of the seabed. The correct evaluation of the influence of waves on the stability of the sea floor has an important guiding significance for the design of marine structures as well as the superstructure. Based on the macroscopic mechanical properties of the seabed, this paper proposes a simplified mechanical model and derives the displacement distribution of two-dimensional seabed under wave action. In addition, a two-dimensional finite element model was established, and the results of finite element analysis and mechanical model were compared. The calculated results agree well with each other. Based on this simplified model, the stability of the seabed can be evaluated and the response analysis of the passive loaded pile in the marine environment can be carried out.