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纠纷解决方式系于当事人的自由选择,环境侵权纠纷也不例外。但由于环境司法目标和公众知情权的现实要求,以调解方式解决环境侵权纠纷容易遭遇到困境,为此应确立排除心理压迫、适度依附裁判权和信息平等三大调解原则。在具体调解实践中,应建立一些特殊的调解规则,包括要有条件地适用诉前或庭前调解,在涉及特定污染种类时要制定环境恢复计划,以及环境恢复计划要得到批准并予以公开。总之,环境侵权纠纷调解机制之所以要重新设计,就是要在当事人意思自治和环境保护二者间寻找平衡点。
Dispute resolution is based on the parties’ freedom of choice, and environmental infringement disputes are no exception. However, due to the realistic requirements of environment and justice goals and the public’s right to know, settlement of environmental infringement disputes through conciliation is easy to encounter difficulties. Therefore, we should establish the principle of three mediations that exclude psychological pressure, moderate dependence on jurisdiction and information equality. In the concrete conciliation practice, some special mediation rules should be established, including conditionally applying pre-litigation or pre-trial mediation, formulating an environmental restoration plan when certain types of pollution are involved, and approving and making public the environmental restoration plan. In short, the reason why the mediation mechanism of environmental tort disputes should be redesigned is to find a balance between autonomy of parties and environmental protection.