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认知语言学认为,语言不是客观世界的直接反映。语言和客观世界之间存在一个中间层次“认知”。客观世界通过人的认知而形成概念结构,概念结构通过人的认知加工,才表现为语言,因此可以从概念结构出发解释各种语法现象。本文通过词汇概念结构(Lexical Conceptual Structure:LCS)考察日语动词体与情状的界性,发现情状结构内部成分的合成语义,决定情状的界性,它与时量成分有一定选择关系。这种选择关系是人对客观世界的认知反映。
Cognitive linguistics believes that language is not a direct reflection of the objective world. There is an intermediate level of “cognition” between language and the objective world. The objective world forms the conceptual structure through human cognition, and the conceptual structure only manifests itself as the language through the cognitive processing of the human being. Therefore, various grammatical phenomena can be interpreted from the conceptual structure. In this paper, we examine the boundary between Japanese verb and the state through the Lexical Conceptual Structure (LCS) and find that the syntactic semantics of the internal components of the structure of the emotion determine the boundary of the situation, which has some selective relations with the time component. This kind of choice relationship is the cognition of people to the objective world.