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能源工业和能源工业基地布局研究,是中国工业地理研究的重要方向,对新常态下传统产业结构转型升级和空间布局具有一定的现实意义。本文对中国能源工业发展与布局的基本历程进行了系统分析,借助基尼系数、洛伦兹曲线和空间自相关等方法对中国1985-2010年能源工业基地的集聚与扩散态势进行研究,并建立了系统的能源工业基地识别方法,探讨了中国能源工业基地的演变特征。研究认为:(1)能源工业整体分布相对均衡,但是能源工业内部各类行业空间集聚与扩散态势呈现出明显的差异;(2)中国能源工业基地总体数量相对稳定,中部地区的能源工业基地最多,西部地区的数量显著增多,不同的能源开采工业基地空间分布趋势并不相同;(3)能源工业基地的综合化趋势明显,且多种行业的组合模式越来越复杂;综合型能源工业基地的数量和规模均表现出上升的趋势,而专业型的能源工业基地规模相对较小;伴随着相关产业的布局,专业型能源工业基地向综合型能源工业基地的转型特征较为明显。
The research on the distribution of energy industry and energy industry base is an important direction of China’s industrial geography research. It has certain practical significance for the transformation and upgrading of traditional industrial structure and spatial distribution under the new normal state. This paper systematically analyzes the basic course of the development and distribution of China’s energy industry, and uses the Gini coefficient, Lorentz curve, and spatial autocorrelation methods to study the accumulation and diffusion of energy industry bases in China from 1985 to 2010, and has established The identification method of the system’s energy industry base explores the evolutionary characteristics of China’s energy industry base. The study concluded that: (1) The overall distribution of the energy industry is relatively balanced, but the spatial agglomeration and proliferation of various industries within the energy industry show significant differences; (2) The overall number of China’s energy industrial bases is relatively stable, with the largest number of energy industrial bases in the central region. The number of western regions has increased significantly, and the spatial distribution of different energy extraction industrial bases is not the same; (3) The trend of integration of energy industry bases is obvious, and the combination model of various industries is becoming more and more complex; comprehensive energy industry bases Both the number and scale of the industries show an upward trend, while the professional energy industry base is relatively small; along with the layout of related industries, the transition characteristics of professional energy industrial bases to integrated energy industrial bases are more obvious.