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花生斑驳病毒(PMV)的坏死毒株在花生上引起不同的反应,反应是以病情指数来评价。63个引进花生品种中仅有11个发生了轻微的或不矮化的轻型斑驳;这是对坏死毒株一种很轻微的反应。用美国的田间优势毒株PMV的轻型毒株(M_2)接种的11个引进种中的两个种进行了产量试验,PMV—M_2在易感的栽培品种“星”上引起了籽仁减产31％,而在引进种(PI261945和PI261946)上不减产,引进种由于不减产被认为具有耐病性。另外,在两个易感的栽培种上病毒感染率高达2—4倍以上。 虽然美国花生斑驳病毒(PMV)的优势毒株在花生(Arachis hypogaea)上引起很轻微的症状,但减产10—30%。1973年进行的田间系统调查表明估计佐治亚州年度损失超过10万美元。美国应用的主要花生栽培种是PMV的易感品种。经对文献的查阅没有发现有关花生对病毒抗性方面的报导。1968年的筛选试验,所有供试的花生品系(37个栽培种和428个普通引进种)对PMV的优势毒株表现了相似的症状;没有发现抗病类型。最近在筛选试验项目中使用了PMV的重型毒株,初步结果指出发病是显著的。这个试验的目的是改进对花生PMV的抗性、鉴定抗原、确定抗性的测定技术。
The necrotic strains of peanut mottle virus (PMV) cause different responses in peanuts, and the response is evaluated by disease index. Only a few of the 63 introduced peanut varieties developed slight or no dwarfing light mottle; this was a mild reaction to necrotic strains. Two of the 11 introduced species inoculated with the light-phase strain (M_2) of the field-dominant strain PMV in the United States conducted a yield test and PMV-M_2 caused a decrease in kernel yield in the susceptible cultivar “Star” %, But not on the introduced species (PI261945 and PI261946), introduced species are considered to be disease-resistant due to no reduction in production. In addition, the virus infection rate in two susceptible cultivars is as high as 2-4 times. Although the dominant strain of the American peanut mottle virus (PMV) causes very mild symptoms in the peanut (Arachis hypogaea), the yield is reduced by 10-30%. A field system survey conducted in 1973 showed an estimated annual loss of more than $ 100,000 in Georgia. The main peanut cultivars used in the United States are susceptible to PMV. No reference was found to the literature regarding peanut resistance to the virus. In the 1968 screening test, all tested peanut lines (37 cultivars and 428 common introductions) showed similar symptoms of the dominant strains of PMV; no disease-resistant pattern was found. Recently, heavy-duty strains of PMV were used in screening trials, and initial results indicate that the disease is significant. The purpose of this experiment is to improve the resistance to peanut PMV, identification of antigens, determination of resistance determination techniques.