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从20世纪60年代初到现在,美国航空航天局对女航天员的政策大致经历了三个阶段的变化过程:第一阶段从1961-1978年,即从“水星”13名女航天员试选到美国第一批女航天员的正式选出,这一阶段称为“保守期”;第二阶段从1978-1999年,即从第一批女航天员的选出到美国航空航天局第一次让妇女担任航天飞机指令长,这一阶段称为“开放期”;第三阶段从1999年至今,这一阶段可称为“成熟期”。
From the early 1960s to the present, NASA’s policies on female astronauts have undergone three phases of change: from the first phase of 1961 to 1978, that is, from 13 female astronauts The first batch of female astronauts in the United States to elect the official election, this phase is called “conservative period”; the second phase from 1978-1999, that is, from the first batch of female astronaut’s selection to American Airlines For the first time, the Space Agency has placed women in command of space shuttles, a period known as the “open period.” The third stage, from 1999 to the present, can be referred to as the “maturity stage.”