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畜禽粪便是农业温室气体的重要排放源.合理的粪便管理方式可有效降低温室气体排放,同时减少环境污染.为明确不同养殖模式下适宜的粪便管理方式对温室气体减排的有效性,以湖北省为案例地,针对不同畜禽的粪便特征、区域自然条件和畜禽养殖模式等,筛选适宜的粪便管理方式;运用政府间气候变化专门委员会提出的畜禽粪便温室气体排放因子测算模型,在优化管理方式的基础上进行排放因子预测,估算由粪便管理方式改进所带来的减排潜力.结果表明,粪便管理经优化后畜禽粪便温室气体排放减少1.98~357.82 kg·头-1·a-1(以CO2当量计).根据养殖规模发展趋势预测,至2020年全省畜禽粪便优化管理所带来的减排潜力可达322.78万t(以CO2当量计).不同地区间减排效果则与当地养殖规模、养殖结构、养殖模式及适宜的畜禽粪便管理方式密切相关;畜禽种类间粪便特性的不同是其CH4和N2O减排效率迥异的主要原因;规模化养殖粪便管理方式优化是实现区域温室气体减排的重点.结合区域自然条件和畜禽养殖特征等,筛选适宜的粪便管理方式是实现区域温室气体减排的有效措施.
Livestock and poultry manure is an important source of agricultural greenhouse gas emissions, and reasonable manure management practices can effectively reduce greenhouse gas emissions and reduce environmental pollution.To clarify the effectiveness of appropriate manure management methods to reduce greenhouse gas emissions under different farming models, According to the case characteristics of Hubei Province, we selected appropriate excrement management methods according to the characteristics of feces of different livestock and poultry, regional natural conditions and livestock and poultry breeding patterns. Using the calculation model of greenhouse gas emission factor of livestock excrement proposed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Based on the optimized management method, the emission factor was estimated to estimate the potential of emission reduction brought about by the improvement of manure management method.The results showed that the greenhouse gas emission of livestock manure after the manure management was reduced by 1.98 ~ 357.82 kg · -1 a-1 (calculated as CO2 equivalent) .According to the prediction of the development trend of the scale of breeding, the emission reduction potential brought by the optimized management of livestock manure throughout the province in 2020 can reach 3.2278 million tons (calculated as CO2 equivalent) The row effect is closely related to the scale of local farming, farming structure, farming mode and suitable manure management methods; Is the main reason for the different emission efficiency of CH4 and N2O.The optimization of manure management in large scale farming is the key point to realize the regional greenhouse gas emission reduction.According to the regional natural conditions and the characteristics of livestock and poultry breeding, Effective measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.