土拉菌病是一种自然疫源性疾病,其宿主多、传播途径呈多样化,故对本病进行彻底消灭疫源地较为困难,主要预防措施是个人防护,特别是预防接种。该病在世界分布较广,美洲、亚洲、欧洲和远东等地区均有发现。我国自1957年在内蒙通辽地区首次从黄鼠(Citellus dauricus)体内分离出土拉菌后,黑龙江、青海、西藏、新疆等地相继报告有疫源地存在,并有人间病例发生。该菌致病 Tula s disease is a natural foci of disease, its host and more diversified routes of transmission, it is more difficult to completely eliminate the epidemic of the disease, the main preventive measures are personal protection, especially vaccination. The disease is widely distributed in the world, found in the Americas, Asia, Europe and the Far East. Since the first isolation of Tulara from Citellus dauricus in Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China in 1957, epidemic sources have been reported in Heilongjiang, Qinghai, Tibet and Xinjiang successively, and human cases have occurred. The bacteria are sick