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基于经济学中的边际思想,运用全分解模型计算出1997年-2007年中国以及31个地区(台湾、香港和澳门除外)产业用水的规模边际、技术边际与结构边际,分析了中国产业用水边际效应的时空分异规律;通过构建产业用水增长质量指数,分析了中国产业用水增长质量的时间分异特征,运用Gini系数、Theil指数分析其空间分异特征。结果表明:研究期内,中国产业用水增长质量在总体和局部都呈现提升的态势,但提升速度存在明显差异,产业用水增长质量总体差异在逐年增大,在总体差异的组成中,东部、中部、西部地区间和东部地区内部差异贡献比例较大。导致中国产业用水增长质量指数存在差异的最重要因素是各地区经济发展水平的不同。为此,平衡经济发展,适当加大中西部地区水资源利用与管理投资力度,是全面提升产业用水增长质量,缩小地区差异的关键所在。
Based on the marginal idea in economics, the paper uses the total decomposition model to calculate the scale marginal, technological marginal and structural marginal of industrial water use in China and 31 regions except Taiwan, Hong Kong and Maucao in 1997-2007. It also analyzes China’s industrial water use marginal The spatial and temporal distribution of water use efficiency was analyzed. By analyzing the growth quality index of industrial water use, the temporal differentiation characteristics of industrial water use quality in China were analyzed. The Gini coefficient and Theil index were used to analyze the spatial heterogeneity. The results showed that during the study period, the quality of industrial water use in China showed an overall or partial improvement trend, but there was a clear difference in the rate of increase. The overall difference in the quality of industrial water use increased year by year. Among the total differences, the eastern and central regions , The disparity between the western region and the eastern region is larger. The most important factor that led to the difference in the quality index of China’s industrial water use is the difference in the level of economic development in various regions. To this end, balancing economic development and appropriately increasing investment in water resources utilization and management in the central and western regions is the key to comprehensively enhancing the quality of water for industrial use and narrowing the regional disparities.