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为了对复杂应力状态下的客车侧窗粘接结构进行强度校核,提出一种基于粘接面法向正应力和切向剪应力的粘接强度校核方法。采用有限元方法在客车行驶的扭转工况下对侧窗胶黏剂进行强度分析,获得胶黏剂单元的实际应力,并通过客车侧窗的局部结构试验进行验证;采用胶黏剂Bostik-ISR 7008设计了1组搭接接头、对接接头和不同粘接角度的嵌接接头,分别在80℃、25℃和-40℃下对粘接接头进行轴向拉伸试验,获得接头破坏时的拉力,建立了一个基于粘接面法向正应力与切向剪应力的失效准则,该失效准则可用一个二次多项式拟合而成;根据弹性力学力的平衡原理,将胶黏剂单元在全局坐标系下6个方向的应力分量转换简化成粘接面法向正应力和切向剪应力的形式,采用失效准则对侧窗胶黏剂的实际应力进行强度校核,计算胶黏剂单元的安全系数,并进行了统计分析,整个过程通过编写FORTRAN程序自动实现。结果表明:胶黏剂的粘接强度随着温度的升高而降低,客车侧窗胶黏剂的安全系数主要集中在大于30的范围;在考虑温度对粘接强度影响的情况下,该客车侧窗的粘接结构是安全的,且存在很大的优化空间。
In order to check the strength of bus side window bonding structure in complex stress state, a method to check the bond strength of normal and tangential shear stress based on the bonding surface method was proposed. The strength of the side window adhesive under torsion condition of the passenger car was analyzed by finite element method to get the actual stress of the adhesive element and verified by the local structural test of the side window of the passenger car. The adhesive of Bostik-ISR 7008 A set of lap joint, butt joint and different angle joints were designed, and the tensile test of the joint was carried out at 80 ℃, 25 ℃ and -40 ℃ respectively. , A failure criterion based on the normal normal direction and the tangential shear stress of the bonding surface is established. The failure criterion can be fitted by a quadratic polynomial. According to the principle of elastic force balance, The transformation of the stress components in the six directions is simplified to the form of normal normal stress and tangential shear stress of the bonding surface. The failure criterion is used to check the actual stress of the side window adhesive to calculate the adhesive unit safety Coefficient, and carried out statistical analysis, the entire process by writing FORTRAN program automatically. The results show that the adhesive strength of adhesive decreases with the increase of temperature, the safety coefficient of bus side window adhesive mainly concentrates in the range of more than 30. Considering the influence of temperature on adhesive strength, Side window bonding structure is safe, and there is a lot of space for optimization.