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奥尔森认为:由于搭便车行为的存在,理性、自利的个人一般不会为争取集体利益作贡献。集体行动的实现其实非常不容易。那如何形成有利企业的集体行动? 社会科学家往往想当然地假设:一个具有共同利益的群体一定会为实现共同利益采取集体行动。譬如,住在同一座楼里的邻居会提供公共楼道的照明;持同一公司股票的人会齐心协力扶持该股票的价格;消费者会组织起来与售卖伪劣产品的商家作斗争;同一国家的国民会支持本国货币的坚挺。凡此种种,不胜枚举。经济学家奥尔森发现,这个貌似合理
Olsen said: Due to free-riding behavior, rational, self-interested individuals generally will not contribute to the collective interests. The realization of collective action is actually not easy. How does that form a collective action that is conducive to business? Social scientists often assume, of course, that a group with common interests will surely take collective action for the common good. For example, neighbors living in the same building will provide public hall lighting; those holding the same company will work together to support the price of the stock; consumers will be organized to fight businesses selling fake and shoddy products; nationals of the same country Will support the strong domestic currency. All these, too numerous to mention. Olson economist found that this seemingly reasonable