慢性附睾炎和附睾结核是生殖系常见疾病 ,当形成附睾结节后两者常难以鉴别。我院 1997年 / 1999年因附睾结节拟诊为附睾结核进行手术切除 5 0例 ,其中 13例术后病理检查否定结核诊断。误诊率为 2 6 % (13/ 5 0 )。现将有关误诊因素进行分析。1　临床资料　　本组 13例年龄在 2 Chronic epididymitis and epididymal tuberculosis are common diseases of the reproductive system, when the formation of epididymal nodules is often difficult to distinguish between the two. In our hospital from 1997 to 1999, epididymal nodules were diagnosed as epididymal tuberculosis for surgical resection of 50 cases, of which 13 cases postoperative pathological examination negative tuberculosis diagnosis. The misdiagnosis rate was 26% (13/50). The misdiagnosis factors are now analyzed. 1 Clinical data The group of 13 patients aged 2