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近年来,产科诊断学上的一个重大进展就是在临床上对有适应症的患者,抽取羊水经过培养进行细胞遗传学检查,获得胎儿的某些生理和病理的情报。如发现胎儿有严重的或致死性的遗传疾病或畸形,则及时终止妊娠。一、用羊水进行产前诊断概述1882年德国Schatz最先实行羊膜穿刺术用于处理羊水过多症;1956年BevisWalka用于妊娠后期的胎儿Rh溶血症;1956年Tjio和Levan确认人类染色体为46条;1959年Lejeune发现先天愚型病人的体细胞多一条G组染色体;1966年Steele和Breg首先报导了培养羊水细胞作核型分析,但成功率仅为19%;1967年Jacobson和Barter
In recent years, a major advancement in obstetric diagnostics has been clinical testing of patients with indications for the extraction of amniotic fluid after incubation for cytogenetic examination to obtain certain physiological and pathological information about the fetus. If the fetus found a serious or fatal genetic disease or deformity, the timely termination of pregnancy. First, with amniotic fluid for prenatal diagnosis Summary 1882 German Schatz first implementation of amniocentesis for the treatment of polyhydramnios; BevisWalka in 1956 for the late pregnancy fetus Rh hemolytic disease; 1956 Tjio and Levan confirmed the human chromosome 46 ; 1959 Lejeune found that patients with idiopathic type of body cells more than a G chromosome; Steele and Breg in 1966 first reported the cultivation of amniotic fluid cells for karyotyping, but the success rate was only 19%; 1967 Jacobson and Barter