论文部分内容阅读
目的分析信阳市2012年流行性乙型脑炎(以下简称乙脑)病例监测情况,为预防和控制乙脑提供科学依据。方法采用现场流行病学调查方法对所有病例进行流行病学调查,对采集的血液标本采用间接酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测乙脑病毒IgM抗体。结果信阳市2012年乙脑发病率为0.72/10万。发病特点是相对集中,同时又呈高度散发状态。8月为全年的发病高峰,占总发病数的54.6%。发病主要集中在12岁以下儿童,男女性别比为3.4:1,发病率的差异有统计学意义(χ2=11.84,P<0.01),散居儿童发病多。无免疫史或免疫史不详者占65.9%。2012年实验室检测乙脑病毒IgM抗体阳性率为79.6%(35/44)。结论提高乙脑监测及实验室血清学诊断水平,提高乙脑疫苗有效接种率,清除蚊虫孽生地,加强宣传教育工作,做好个人防护等综合性防治措施,可有效控制乙脑的发生和流行.
Objective To analyze the surveillance of cases of Japanese encephalitis (JE) in Xinyang City in 2012 and provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of JE. Methods Epidemiological investigation was conducted on all cases using on-site epidemiological investigation. IgM antibodies against JEV were detected by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) on collected blood samples. Results Xinyang City in 2012 the incidence of Japanese encephalitis was 0.72 / 100,000. The incidence is characterized by relatively concentrated, while highly exuded state. August peak incidence of the year, accounting for 54.6% of the total number of cases. The incidence mainly concentrated in children under 12 years of age, the sex ratio of men and women was 3.4: 1, the incidence of the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 11.84, P <0.01), scattered incidence of children. No history of immunization or immunization unknown accounted for 65.9%. In 2012, the positive rate of laboratory IgE antibodies to JE virus was 79.6% (35/44). Conclusion To improve the level of JE surveillance and laboratory serological diagnosis, increase the effective vaccination rate of Japanese encephalitis vaccine, eliminate mosquitoes’ bad habitats, strengthen publicity and education, and make comprehensive prevention and treatment measures such as personal protection, which can effectively control the occurrence and prevalence of Japanese encephalitis .