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风险行政决策相比其他行政决策,因其对象的不确定性、决策结果与公众的生命健康息息相关、决策关涉的“科学—价值”矛盾形态复杂,而容易引发社会争论和正当性质疑。要促进风险决策的正当性,增加作为决策基础的风险信息的生产和收集是值得重视的一条新路径。风险信息能够促进对风险的认识,增强行政决策的权威性和说服力,并促进风险沟通交流。但由于风险信息的生产和收集并非易事,我国的政府一元收集模式无法应对风险规制任务带来的信息需求,因此应当按照多元治理模式建立一个政府、市场与社会多元协作、互补的风险信息收集的法律机制,从而促进风险行政决策的正当性。
Compared with other administrative decisions, risk-based administrative decisions are likely to trigger social debates and legitimacy issues because of the uncertainty of their targets, the outcome of decision-making and the public’s life and health, and the complex “science-value” contradictions involved in decision-making. To promote the legitimacy of risk decision-making, increasing the production and collection of risk information as a basis for decision-making is a new path worthy of attention. Risk information can promote awareness of risks, enhance the authority and persuasion of administrative decisions, and promote risk communication. However, since the production and collection of risk information is not easy, the government’s centralized collection model in our country can not meet the information needs brought by the task of risk regulation. Therefore, a multi-governance model should be established to collect the risk information collected by the government, the market and the society. The legal mechanism to promote the legitimacy of the risk of administrative decisions.