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消化道激素的主要研究进展有以下方面: 现已发现的消化道激素共有四十余种。在胃肠和胰腺,已经发现和证实的能够分泌消化道激素的内分泌细胞有18种之多,它们分布于从胃至结肠的绝大部分胃肠道粘膜和胰岛。除此之外,消化系统存在着极为丰富的内源性神经,包括神经节、神经丛和中间神经元,含有大量肽能神经元和神经纤维,能产生多种胃肠神经肽。消化道激素和神经肽影响和调节着消化道的全部功能,包括胃液分泌和胰腺外分泌、胃肠运动、吸收、胆汁分泌、胃肠道血流、细胞营养等。例如,已知胃泌素、胆囊收缩素、蛙皮素——一胃泌素释放肽、胰多肽、胃动素等均可刺激胃酸分泌,而生长抑素、促胰液索、血管活性肠肽,神经降压素、胰高
The main research progresses of gastrointestinal hormones in the following areas: There are now more than 40 kinds of gastrointestinal hormones have been found. In the gastrointestinal and pancreas, as many as 18 endocrine cells that have been found and proven to secrete gut hormones are found in most gastrointestinal mucosa and islets from the stomach to the colon. In addition, the digestive system is extremely rich in endogenous nerves, including ganglia, plexus and interneurons, contains a large number of peptide can neurons and nerve fibers, can produce a variety of gastrointestinal neuropeptides. Gastrointestinal hormone and neuropeptide affect and regulate the digestive tract of all functions, including gastric secretion and pancreatic exocrine, gastrointestinal motility, absorption, bile secretion, gastrointestinal blood flow, cell nutrition and so on. For example, it is known that gastrin, cholecystokinin, bombesin-a gastrin-releasing peptide, pancreatic polypeptide, motilin and the like can stimulate gastric acid secretion while somatostatin, pancreatic juice cord, vasoactive intestinal peptide , Neurotensin, pancreatic high