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比较了1994年与2005年我国化肥产量与消费量的变化,探讨了我国肥料消费高速增长的原因。简介了世界及我国复合肥生产现况,估计了我国2005年化肥平均养分约为32%,化肥复合化率33%～39%,与20世纪90年代世界化肥平均养分及复合化率相差不大。对我国复合肥料与世界的差距,不应过多强调量的不足,而应多探讨质的差异。估算了2005年我国复合肥实物产量已超过5000万t,总生产能力超过2亿t。因此,我国复合肥料的增长趋势与贸易机会不在于新建、扩建生产能力,也不是减少生产厂点,而是要创新新型肥料、新的生产工艺、新的装备及转变农化服务方式。
The changes of fertilizer production and consumption in China between 1994 and 2005 were compared, and the reasons for the rapid growth of fertilizer consumption in China were discussed. The present situation of compound fertilizers in the world and in China is briefly introduced. It is estimated that the average nutrient content of fertilizers in China in 2005 is about 32% and the rate of compound fertilizer is 33% ~ 39%, which is similar to the world average fertilizers and compounding rates of fertilizers in the 90s of the 20th century . The gap between China’s compound fertilizer and the world should not be too much emphasis on the lack of quantity, but should explore the qualitative differences. Estimated in 2005 China’s physical output of fertilizer has more than 50 million t, the total production capacity of more than 200 million t. Therefore, the growth trend and trade opportunities of compound fertilizers in China are not to build new ones, expand production capacity, nor to reduce production plants, but to innovate new fertilizers, new production techniques, new equipment and ways to change agrochemical services.