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为减少湿蒸汽热采锅炉结垢对油田生产造成的损失,设计了模拟湿蒸气发生器来模拟热采生产中的蒸汽产生过程,重点研究锅炉的结垢情况。对模拟油田产生蒸汽的模拟炉中水垢的粉末X射线衍射(XRD)、电子探针波谱成分分析(EP-MA)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)的研究表明,辐射段水垢主要由蒙脱石、针钠钙石和锥辉石组成,它们形成于相近的水热条件。水垢的XRD研究表明,蒙脱石和针钠钙石垢遍布整个水管,而锥辉石垢主要出现在水管尾部。形成锥辉石中的铁主要来源于水管的腐蚀,当水管表面形成一层水垢后,进水中的微量Fe成为另外一个重要来源。
In order to reduce the losses caused by the fouling of wet steam boilers on oilfield production, a simulated wet steam generator was designed to simulate the steam generation process in thermal recovery production, with a focus on the boiler fouling. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), electron probe spectroscopy (EP-MA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies of scale in simulated oil-fired steam-producing furnaces show that the scale of the radiation section is mainly composed of montmorillonite, Aconite and pyroxene formed, they formed in similar hydrothermal conditions. XRD studies of scale indicate that montmorillonite and sodium calcium-calcium-limestone are found throughout the water pipe, whereas pyroxene scale is found mainly at the tail of the water pipe. The formation of iron in the pyroxene mainly comes from the corrosion of the water pipe. When the surface of the water pipe forms a scale, the trace Fe in the water becomes another important source.