论文部分内容阅读
90年代以来 ,与体制转型和结构调整相伴随的“下岗”成为国企改革所面临的重要难题 ;日益增多的下岗人员对社会造成的巨大压力又形成改革中新的矛盾 ,自 94年开始试行并在 95年初推广到全国范围的“再就业工程”便是国家为解决这一矛盾而推出的一项长期政策。尽管在政策执行的过程中 ,由于个体行为与政策之间的互动 ,出现了“双体制人”等“有意图的社会控制的意外后果” ,但随着政策在互动中的逐步推进 ,“再就业”也经历了一个制度化的过程。因此 ,不管下岗工人对下岗抱何种态度 ,他们在下岗后必须面对自己要走向劳动力市场这个事实 ,除非他们不想再就业。“主动下岗”现象的出现就是从一个侧面反映了这样一种趋势 ,它与改革的持续推进和政策的不断调整相伴随 ,体现了社会成员对“再就业”的新的预期与对策 ,也表明这些社会成员已经具备了能够在劳动力市场中与他人竞争并取得成功的能力和素质。由于体制转型和经济结构的调整已经不可逆转 ,因此探索下岗人员在走向市场的过程中需要具备一种什么样的素质和能力以帮助他们再就业成为一个非常紧迫的问题。显然 ,“主动下岗”人员及其在再就业过程中取得的成功表明他们对这个问题已经交出了一份合格的答卷。因此 ,考察“主动下岗”人员如何作出这一决定及?
Since the 1990s, the “lay-off” accompanied by structural transformation and structural readjustment has become an important challenge for the reform of state-owned enterprises. The enormous pressure on laid-off workers for the society has created new contradictions in the reform. Since its inception in 1994, The promotion of a nationwide “reemployment project” in early 1995 is a long-term policy put forward by the state to address this contradiction. Despite the unexpected consequences of “intentional social control” such as “dual system” due to the interaction between individual behaviors and policies in the process of policy implementation, with the gradual promotion of policies in the process of interaction, “ Employment ”has also undergone a systematic process. Therefore, regardless of the attitude of laid-off workers to getting laid off, they must face the fact that they are going to the labor market after they are laid off, unless they do not want to get employed again. The emergence of the phenomenon of “voluntary lay-off” reflects such a trend from one aspect. It is accompanied by the continuous reform and continuous adjustment of policies, and reflects the new expectations and countermeasures of social reemployment by the members of the society. It also shows that These members of society already have the ability and the ability to compete with others in the labor market and succeed. Since the restructuring of the system and the adjustment of the economic structure have become irreversible, it is very urgent to explore what kind of qualities and abilities a laid-up staff needs in order to move to the market to help them re-employ. Obviously, “active lay-offs” and their success in reemployment have shown that they have produced a qualified answer to this question. Therefore, examine how “active lay-off” personnel make this decision and?