Main observation and conclusionrnElucidating the intrinsic relationship between viscosity/H2O2 and mitochondria-associated diseases remains a great challenge owing to the lack of research on multiple diseases models,such as inflammation and malignant tumor models.In this work,we have devel-oped a mitochondria-specific orange/near-infrared-emissive fluorescent probe TTPB,for dual-imaging of viscosity and H2O2 levels in two different channels.The probe exhibited a remarkable response to viscosity with NIR emission round 666 nm,and was highly sen-sitive to H2O2 in orange channel with emission peak at 586 nm.Moreover,TTPB has good mitochondria-specific ability and permits individual detecting of viscosity in NIR channels and H2O2 levels in orange channel in living cells.More notably,TrPB was successfully applied to simultaneously image the viscosity and H2O2 levels in inflammation and cancer models.