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燃料箱液位的实时、精确测量对提高航天器的有效运载能力和效率有着重大的现实意义。传统的液位测量模型存在装配及加工误差,毛细现象引起迟滞等问题。首次利用计算电容原理将双极筒的传感器结构改进为轻量化单管式。采用有限元法和ANSYS分析软件对结构参数进行了仿真分析,使灵敏度与极板间隙张角和石英管厚度呈正相关,与石英管内半径、屏蔽层与极板间距呈负相关。正交优化实验表明,极板间隙张角2°,石英管内半径11.5mm,石英管厚度1.6mm,屏蔽层与极板间距3mm时的灵敏度最优,相比原来提高了13%,为航天器燃料箱液位优化测量提供了可行方法。
The real-time and accurate measurement of fuel tank level is of great practical significance to improve the effective carrying capacity and efficiency of spacecraft. The traditional liquid level measurement model has assembly and processing errors, capillary phenomena caused by hysteresis and other issues. For the first time, the principle of computing capacitance is used to improve the sensor structure of the bipolar tube into a lightweight single-tube type. The finite element method and the ANSYS analysis software were used to simulate the structural parameters. The sensitivity was positively correlated with the plate gap angle and the thickness of the quartz tube, which was inversely related to the radius of the quartz tube, the distance between the shield and the plate. Orthogonal experiments show that the sensitivity is the best when the angle of the plate gap is 2 °, the radius of the quartz tube is 11.5mm, the thickness of the quartz tube is 1.6mm and the distance between the shield and the plate is 3mm, which is 13% Fuel tank level measurement provides a viable approach.