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目的:采用气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)结合代谢组学分析技术明确不同发育阶段款冬花蕾的代谢组学特征。方法:对款冬花5个不同发育阶段药材进行两相溶剂提取,得到极性和非极性部分,分别对其进行GC-MS测定。代谢产物的结构指认通过NIST数据库检索和对照品对照确定,将数据预处理后导入SIMCA-P软件进行多元统计分析。结果:共鉴定了54个代谢产物,包括35个极性化合物和19个非极性化合物;主成分分析(PCA)结果显示,5个阶段的款冬花蕾样品能较为明显的分开,且呈动态变化趋势;与传统采收期12月样品相比,10月和11月的花蕾样品与12月相距较近,说明这3个阶段的代谢物组成接近;而9月和3月的样品则距离较远,说明这2个时间点的样品化学差异较大。通过对部分特征代谢物相对含量进行比较,发现款冬花蕾发育过程中,脯氨酸、赖氨酸和亚油酸在发育初期含量较低,中期升至最高,在开花后又急剧下降;苹果酸和柠檬酸在中期含量较低;蔗糖的含量逐渐降低,开花后降至最低。结论:发育初期和开花后与传统采收期款冬花样品的化学差异较大,为其不能入药提供了科学依据,也为款冬花合理采收期的确定及其药效物质基础研究奠定了基础。
OBJECTIVE: To identify metabolomics characteristics of buds of Colletotrichum at different developmental stages by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and metabolomics analysis. METHODS: Two-phase solvent extraction was performed on five different developmental stages of Colletotrichum and the polar and non-polar fractions were obtained. Their GC-MS were determined. The structure of metabolites was identified by the NIST database search and reference substance control determined, the data pre-processed into SIMCA-P software for multivariate statistical analysis. Results: A total of 54 metabolites including 35 polar compounds and 19 nonpolar compounds were identified. The principal component analysis (PCA) results showed that the buds of Colletotrichum at different stages could be more clearly separated and showed dynamic changes Trend. Compared with the traditional harvesting December sample, the flower bud samples in October and November are close to December, indicating that the metabolites in the three phases are close to each other; while the samples in September and March are at a relatively shorter distance Far, indicating that these two points in the sample chemical differences. By comparing the relative content of some characteristic metabolites, the contents of proline, lysine and linoleic acid were lower in the early stage of development, rose to the highest in mid-stage and dropped sharply after flowering. The content of malic acid And citric acid in the medium-term content is lower; sucrose content gradually decreased, after flowering to a minimum. CONCLUSION: The chemical differences between the samples of Coltsius early-blooming and those of the traditional harvesting period after the blooming period are large, providing a scientific basis for their inability to be used in medicine and laying a foundation for the determination of the reasonable harvest period of coltsfoot and its pharmacological basis. .