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本文是对近期有关枝状分子在石墨表面吸附组装研究的综述.利用扫描隧道显微技术,系统研究了5-甲氧基间苯二酸类枝状分子在石墨表面组装结构的形成及结构转变,发现虽然该类枝状分子大都可以在石墨表面自发有序组装,但是最终形成的组装结构不仅与分子本身结构例如烷基链的数目有关,与分子浓度有关,还与所用溶剂有关.分子浓度和溶剂的变化,影响组装体系内的相互作用力如分子与基底间的作用力、分子间氢键的作用力等,影响分子迁移和结构转变的动力学过程,从而影响枝状分子组装的最终结构.研究揭示了特定体系中枝状分子组装结构与分子浓度、所用溶剂的定量和定性关系.研究结果有助于认识和掌握枝状分子组装规律,进而可以通过改变相关技术参数,调控得到不同的枝状分子表面组装体,为实现可控构筑分子表面组装结构提供了新的思路.
This review summarizes recent studies on the adsorption and assembly of dendrimers onto graphite surfaces. The formation and structure changes of the assembly structure of 5-methoxyisophthalic acid dendrimers on graphite surfaces have been systematically investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy It was found that although most of these dendritic molecules can be assembled spontaneously and orderly on the surface of graphite, the assembly structure finally formed is not only related to the number of alkyl chains, but also to the concentration of the molecule, and to the solvent used. And solvent changes in the assembly system, such as the interaction between the forces such as molecules and substrates, the interaction between hydrogen bonds and other molecules, molecular dynamics and structural changes affect the dynamics of the final dendrimer assembly final Structure.The study reveals the quantitative and qualitative relationship between the molecular structure and molecular concentration of dendrimers in a specific system and the solvents used.The results of the study can help to understand and grasp the rules of dendrimer assembly and then can be controlled by changing the relevant technical parameters The dendrimer surface assembly provides a new idea for controllably building the molecular surface assembly structure.